Modernising consumer protection enforcement in the EU

The European Union boasts some of the world’s highest consumer protection standards. Its rules grant consumers legal rights and impose obligations on traders operating in the EU. Yet enforcement has long been a weak spot.

Insufficient enforcement allows traders’ harmful practices to go unpunished and leaves consumers without redress. As BEUC and business representatives have noted, this undermines EU competitiveness and creates an uneven playing field between compliant traders and those who ignore the rules.

Challenges to Enforcement

Enforcement faces growing challenges. A widening gap in power and resources separates large traders from enforcement authorities, which often operate under tight budgets and limited staffing. In the digital space, violations can occur rapidly and invisibly, allowing traders to profit before authorities can respond ─ sometimes years later.

BEUC calls for modernising consumer protection enforcement. While private enforcement improvements are addressed in a separate checklist, this document focuses on upgrading public enforcement, particularly through reforming EU Regulation 2017/2394 (the CPC Regulation).