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Car electrification is taking off in Europe, with consumer interest rising as electric vehicles (EVs) become more accessible. But the supply of small, affordable EVs still lags behind demand, especially on the second-hand market, where most cars are sold. Weakening targets and promoting “alternative” technologies thus confuse consumers and deter investments. It slows the flow of EVs into markets, pushing back clean and affordable mobility for all.
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Buying a car is a major decision for consumers. Beyond the initial investment, they expect reliable information about the fuel or electricity consumption, the range, the battery state of health, the overall condition or the environmental performance of a car. This is particularly true on the second-hand market, where most consumers buy their vehicle and look for accurate, credible and comparable data. A well-designed car label can therefore help consumers navigate the market and choose a car that fits their needs.
Press releases
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Following a complaint by BEUC, the European Consumer Organisation, 21 major airlines have committed to stop using claims that mislead consumers about the real impact of flying on the environment. This was announced by the European Commission today, concluding a 1.5-year investigation by national consumer authorities.
BEUC launched the action in June 2023 with 23 of its member organisations and kept monitoring the market since then. An evaluation two years on, in June 2025, showed that airlines’ greenwashing was still rife despite some improvements
Position papers
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People have been locked into an energy and transport system fundamentally based on (imported) fossil fuels. This has a negative impact on the planet, our health, wallets, and geopolitical security. Change is afoot to decarbonise our economy, influenced by clear EU policies in energy, product design, and the automotive sector. BEUC research has consistently shown that electrification in many consumer areas – cars, cooling, heating – is the most affordable option.
Position papers
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To make a well-informed choice when buying a car (new or second-hand), consumers need clear and accurate information about a car’s real-world fuel or electricity consumption, its overall environmental impact or incentives available in their country. With many new models and powertrains available along with evolving purchase habits, current EU rules adopted in 1999 and are now completely outdated.
Reports
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This study explores the total cost of ownership (TCO) of electric, petrol, diesel, and hybrid passenger cars, building on previous ERM analysis performed in 2021. This study quantifies the cost to the consumer of electric and petrol cars, for first- to third-hand buyers. This study considers the average cost of ownership of a vehicle in the EU, accounting for vehicle leasing costs and fuel/electricity prices, whilst excluding maintenance, insurance, and country-specific taxes and subsidies. The results of this study show that battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are already the lowest cost option for used vehicle buyers and will be the most economical for new buyers of medium cars from 2026 onwards.
Position papers
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Many consumers do not buy new cars. Due to skyrocketing new car prices over the last few years, they now heavily rely on the second- and third-hand market. Second-hand battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are the best financial choice for consumers, brining between €262 and €849/year savings compared to a used
petrol car. But the supply of second-hand BEVs is still low. Hence, electrifying large corporate fleets (representing 60% of new car sales in Europe and with a first ownership period of around four years) can be a game changer to make the BEV transition faster and fairer for consumers.

While technological developments to make transport greener are necessary, consumer behaviour and choices are critical to the success of these efforts. The problem is that many consumers are locked into a mobility system that depends on fossil fuels.

That is why the European Consumer Organisation (BEUC) advocates policies to ‘green’ the way we move. In the automotive sector, we advocate for affordable electric cars that are convenient to charge.

Not everyone has, wants, or can afford a car. Beyond the automotive sector, BEUC calls for improvements to Europe’s rail network – including easier ticketing and more services – connected to a high quality public transport offering. We also work to ensure that the aviation sector lives up to its sustainability promises as it looks to move towards Sustainable Aviation Fuels.

While a lot of attention goes to technological solutions, it is of course also crucial to promote cycling and walking – the greenest forms of transport.

  • Increase the supply of affordable electric vehicles to consumers via strong sectoral legislation (CO2 standards, Corporate Fleets, Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation...)
  • Give consumers better information about new and used cars through an improved Car Label
  • Ease train journeys with simpler ticketing and booking processes and improved rail passenger rights thanks to ambitious legislation
  • Make sure consumers are aware of the environmental impact of flying and that the sector contributes fairly to mitigation policies
  • Ensure consumers remain in control of their data when driving or repairing their car